Marie Van Brittan Brown is an African American nurse and inventor who invented the first audio-video security system. Born in 1922 in Queens, New York, Brown started as a nurse and lived in a high-crime neighbourhood with her husband. Her late-night work and fear of being alone due to her husband’s job inspired her to create a safety solution.
On August 1, 1966, Brown and her husband, Albert, an electronics technician, submitted a patent for their innovative security system. The system included an electrically controlled lock, multiple lensed peepholes with covers, a vertically sliding video scanner (camera), loudspeaker and microphone, associated electronics and power supply, and radio receiver and transmitter.
The camera could be remotely controlled to scan different peepholes, allowing the occupant to see and communicate with visitors without opening the door. This was particularly important for Brown, who often found herself alone at night due to her irregular work schedule. The system also included a push button alarm to contact police or security in times of danger, providing protection.
Brown’s invention was granted a patent in 1969 and recognized by The New York Times. She received an award from the National Scientists Committee for her contributions. Although she passed away in 1999, her legacy continues to influence modern home security systems. Her invention has been cited in 32 subsequent patent applications, and her closed-circuit television system (CCTV) is still widely used in banks, office buildings, and apartment complexes, providing a safe and secure environment for countless individuals.
Brown paved the way for two-way communication and surveillance features in modern security systems. Her determination to create a safer environment has left a lasting impact on the world.